When Do I Need Hepato Pancreatic Biliary Surgery?

HPB surgery may be required for multiple liver, pancreas, and bile duct conditions. The need depends on the severity, symptoms, and patient health. Common conditions include:

• Liver Diseases: For liver cancer, cysts, abscesses, or cirrhosis.
• Pancreatic Diseases: For pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, cysts, or tumors.
• Biliary Diseases: To remove blockages caused by gallstones, bile duct cancer, or injuries.
• Trauma: For repairing damage to the liver, pancreas, or bile ducts.
• Transplantation: Required for liver transplant procedures.
• Gallbladder Disease: To remove gallstones or treat infections through cholecystectomy.

What is the Procedure for HPB Surgery?

While the exact procedure depends on the diagnosis, here are the general steps of Hepato Pancreatic Biliary surgery:

• Preoperative Evaluation: Complete medical assessment including blood tests, imaging (CT/MRI), and diagnostic evaluations.
• Anesthesia: General anesthesia ensures the patient is unconscious and pain-free.
• Incision: A surgical incision is made in the abdomen to access the liver, pancreas, or bile ducts.
• Exploration: The surgeon examines the affected area and plans the treatment.
• Surgery: Diseased portions are repaired or removed — such as removing a tumor or repairing bile ducts.
• Reconstruction: Reconnecting ducts or vessels to restore normal flow and function.
• Closure & Recovery: The incision is closed and the patient is monitored for complications.

Different Types of Hepato Pancreatic Biliary Surgery

• Liver Resection: Removes diseased portions of the liver; the remaining tissue regenerates over time.
• Pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple Procedure): Removes the head of the pancreas, duodenum, and gallbladder—commonly for pancreatic or bile duct cancer.
• Distal Pancreatectomy: Removes the tail and body of the pancreas, often including the spleen.
• Cholecystectomy: Removes the gallbladder, usually to treat gallstones or inflammation.
• Bile Duct Surgery: Repairs or reroutes bile ducts to restore normal bile flow.
• Liver Transplant: Replaces the damaged liver with a healthy donor organ in severe cases.

Methods of HPB Surgery

Dr. Vijaykumar C. Bada, one of Hyderabad’s leading gastrointestinal surgeons, recommends the most suitable surgical method based on each patient’s condition:

• Open Surgery: Traditional approach with a single large incision for full access.
• Laparoscopic Surgery: Minimally invasive technique with small incisions and quicker recovery.
• Robotic Surgery: Uses robotic precision for complex surgeries with smaller scars and better outcomes.
• Endoscopic Surgery: Non-invasive approach using an endoscope to treat bile duct or pancreatic conditions.

Possible Complications of HPB Surgery

While HPB surgeries are performed with advanced techniques, some risks may include:

• Infection or minor postoperative pain
• Digestive problems or anesthesia side effects
• Bleeding: May require blood transfusion or additional surgery
• Blood Clots: Risk of clot formation in the legs or lungs
• Organ Damage: Rare chance of injury to surrounding organs
• Bile Leaks: Leakage from bile ducts requiring medical attention
• Delayed Recovery: Extended healing time depending on overall health